Mary Douglas Quotes

Powerful Mary Douglas for Daily Growth

About Mary Douglas

Mary Douglas (1921-2007) was a British anthropologist and sociologist whose groundbreaking work in cultural anthropology and symbolic analysis significantly influenced the social sciences. Born on October 23, 1921, in Oxford, England, she grew up in an intellectual family environment that encouraged her curiosity and critical thinking. Douglas' academic journey began at Newnham College, Cambridge, where she studied economics. However, it was her move to the London School of Economics (LSE) to study anthropology under Bronisław Malinowski that truly ignited her passion for the subject. Her doctoral research on classification systems in a North African tribe laid the foundation for her future work. One of Douglas' most influential works, "Purity and Danger" (1966), explores how societies create categories to separate impure from pure elements and how these categorizations reflect societal values. This seminal work challenged the established views on ritual and taboo and remains a cornerstone in anthropology and sociology today. Another significant work, "Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology" (1970), delves into how humans create symbolic systems to understand the world around them. This book helped solidify Douglas' reputation as a leading thinker on symbolic anthropology. Throughout her career, Douglas continued to challenge conventional thinking and push boundaries. Her work influenced various fields, including sociology, religious studies, political science, and psychology. Mary Douglas passed away on April 3, 2007, leaving behind a rich intellectual legacy that continues to inspire and influence scholars worldwide.

Interpretations of Popular Quotes

"Dirt is matter out of place."

This quote by anthropologist Mary Douglas implies that what we consider "dirty" or "polluted" isn't inherently so; it is primarily a social construct, arising from our expectations about the proper placement and use of items in our environment. In other words, something becomes "dirt" when it deviates from its expected place or function within a particular cultural context. This perspective challenges us to reconsider our perceptions of cleanliness and pollution, and encourages us to examine the underlying social norms that shape our definitions of what is considered clean and what is not.


"The idea of a society with no taboos is unthinkable and inconceivable."

This quote by Mary Douglas emphasizes the inherent role of societal norms and taboos in shaping human societies. A society without any taboos would lack boundaries, rules, or shared moral values, which are essential for social order, cohesion, and understanding among its members. The absence of such guidelines could lead to chaos, confusion, and a breakdown of social structures. In essence, taboos serve as cultural signposts that help define what is acceptable and expected within a community, allowing for the establishment and maintenance of functional, stable societies.


"An institution is defined by its deviance."

This quote by anthropologist Mary Douglas suggests that the boundaries and characteristics of an institution, be it a social system, organization, or cultural practice, are often clarified by identifying and defining what is not allowed or considered deviant within it. In other words, an institution's norms and values become apparent through recognizing and addressing deviations from them. This perspective underscores the role of deviance in shaping the nature and identity of social structures, and sheds light on how institutions establish their own unique boundaries and maintain order.


"Grid and gridlessness are the two possible patterns of urban life."

This quote by Mary Douglas highlights that cities can be categorized into two main types based on their social organization and structure: gridded and non-gridded (gridless). A 'gridded' city is characterized by a planned, ordered layout with regular streets forming a grid pattern, such as Manhattan or Chicago. This kind of urban structure reflects a society that values rationality, efficiency, and control. On the other hand, a 'gridless' city has an irregular or organic layout, lacking a clear-cut grid pattern. These cities may grow haphazardly over time, reflecting societies where tradition, communal bonds, and fluidity are more valued. Douglas suggests that these two contrasting patterns symbolize fundamental differences in how societies perceive order and social relations within their urban environments.


"Decay is part of the process of growth, as disease is part of life."

This quote emphasizes that decline or decay, as well as adversity or difficulty, are inherent aspects in the natural progression of growth and life. Just as a plant experiences decay or deterioration to make way for new growth, human life also encounters challenges and hardships that ultimately contribute to personal development and growth. In essence, it suggests that one cannot fully appreciate growth without understanding the role of adversity and decay in the process.


What did our nation ever do to provoke these madly vicious enemies? What is seen as injustice in one place is seen as just requital in the other.

- Mary Douglas

Injustice, Nation, Other, Vicious

Since 1970, relationships can be more volatile, jobs more ephemeral, geographical mobility more intensified, stability of marriage weaker.

- Mary Douglas

More, Mobility, Geographical, Weaker

Yes, disappointment over perceived unfairness, injustice, promises not kept, tends to go hand in hand with increasing prosperity. Expectations are dashed. What can I say!

- Mary Douglas

Injustice, Yes, Over, Dashed

Some scholars have been arguing that a civilizational clash between organized religions is the next step in human history.

- Mary Douglas

Next, Some, Been, Human History

If people want to compete for leadership of a religious group, they can compete in piety. A chilling thought. Or funny.

- Mary Douglas

Thought, Compete, Religious, Chilling

Mormons... are so strong, they can handle wealth, they are confident. I think it is because they are not bogged down by rules for equality, but have a firmly defined system of relative status and responsible command.

- Mary Douglas

Wealth, Think, Firmly, Defined

Real equality is immensely difficult to achieve, it needs continual revision and monitoring of distributions. And it does not provide buffers between members, so they are continually colliding or frustrating each other.

- Mary Douglas

Equality, Other, Needs, Revision

Every year the progress of advanced capitalist society makes our population consist of more and more isolates. This is because of the infrastructure of the economy, especially electronic communications.

- Mary Douglas

Year, Capitalist, Advanced, Electronic

An escalating, violent tit-for-tat may lead to terrorism.

- Mary Douglas

Terrorism, May, Violent, Escalating

Without that assured American largesse Israel would have been obliged to come to an accommodation with her neighbours.

- Mary Douglas

Been, Largesse, Would, Assured

Enclave life becomes very tense, Even when they do elect a leader, the factions remain, with the threat of splitting off.

- Mary Douglas

Leader, Very, Splitting, Factions

Religion can make it worse. Are you supposing that if people were encouraged to believe in a transcendent reality, and to be encouraged by grand rituals and music and preaching, to love their neighbors, then they would put jealousy and frustration aside?

- Mary Douglas

Love, Believe, Preaching, Rituals

Our technological infrastructure alienates us from each other. No need to form a workplace community, everybody there will be out in a year or two, and so will you, looking for a better place.

- Mary Douglas

Need, Other, Everybody, Technological

Hierarchy works well in a stable environment.

- Mary Douglas

Environment, Works, Stable

Inside a religious body you get sects and hierarchies, inside an information network you get bazaars and cathedrals, it is the same, call them what you like. They survive by pointing the finger of blame at each other.

- Mary Douglas

Other, Finger, Religious, Pointing

The history of the Church of Rome is a constant leakage of members into such breakaway cults, which go on splitting.

- Mary Douglas

Rome, Which, Splitting, Members

It is very reasonable to worry about the harm done by organized religion, and to prefer looser and more private arrangements.

- Mary Douglas

Worry, Private, Very, Looser

Just in our lifetime our society has become looser and more private, it becomes extremely difficult to hold to any permanent commitment whatever, least of all to organized religion.

- Mary Douglas

More, Lifetime, Private, Looser

The theory of cultural bias... is the idea that a culture is based on a particular form of organization. It can't be transplanted except to another variant of that organization.

- Mary Douglas

Idea, Another, Based, Bias

I am sure it must be true that people opt out of the mainstream society because they feel that there are going to be no rewards for them, if they stay.

- Mary Douglas

Be True, Going, Sure, Rewards

Islam is in principle egalitarian, and has always had problems with power.

- Mary Douglas

Islam, Always, Principle, Egalitarian

It seems true that the growth of science and secularism made organized Christianity feel under threat.

- Mary Douglas

Science, Made, Christianity, Organized

It's unlikely that the organized religions will get more sectarian... or is it? I am not at all sure.

- Mary Douglas

Will, Sure, Unlikely, Organized

The natural response of the old-timers is to build a strong moral wall against the outside. This is where the world starts to be painted in black and white, saints inside, and sinners outside the wall.

- Mary Douglas

Strong, Natural, Against, Sinners

Behind a leader there must be followers, but they should always be on the lookout for the main chance and ready to change sides if the current leader doesn't deliver.

- Mary Douglas

Leader, Behind, Always, Sides

Inequality can have a bad downside, but equality, for its part, sure does get in the way of coordination.

- Mary Douglas

Bad, Inequality, Sure, Coordination

It is only partly true that religion does more harm than good in society. The community makes God into the image it wants, vengeful, or milky sweet, or scrupulously just, and so on.

- Mary Douglas

More, Image, Harm, Partly

When we are reflecting on terrorism we can grieve for many things we do and have done.

- Mary Douglas

Terrorism, Things, Grieve

Pretensions to moral superiority are devastatingly destructive.

- Mary Douglas

Moral, Superiority, Destructive

Any great organization can go through sectarian phases.

- Mary Douglas

Organization, Go, Through, Phases

If you're searching for quotes on a different topic, feel free to browse our Topics page or explore a diverse collection of quotes from various Authors to find inspiration.