"The structure of a protein is a model of its function."
John Kendrew's quote emphasizes that a protein's three-dimensional structure, or shape, provides valuable insights into its functional role within a cell. This is because the unique shape of each protein allows it to perform specific tasks like binding to other molecules, catalyzing chemical reactions, or transporting substances across membranes. Therefore, understanding a protein's structure can help us understand how it works and what roles it plays in maintaining life processes at a molecular level.
"To see and understand the molecular details of living systems requires X-ray crystallography."
The quote by John Kendrew highlights the importance of X-ray crystallography in gaining a deep understanding of the molecular structures that underpin living systems. In essence, he is stating that visualizing these tiny, complex structures, essential to life, necessitates this specific scientific technique - X-ray crystallography.
"In the study of structure we gain understanding. In the study of function we apply that understanding to the solution of real problems."
This quote emphasizes that the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, specifically in the realm of structure (e.g., scientific structures or systems), leads to a deeper understanding. However, the true value is realized when this understanding is translated into practical applications to solve real-world problems. In essence, John Kendrew suggests that knowledge without action lacks purpose, while action driven by knowledge yields tangible solutions.
"The interpretation of electron density maps is a subjective art, but in my experience it improves with practice."
This quote by John Kendrew suggests that the process of analyzing electron density maps in molecular structures (often used in crystallography) is not an exact science, but rather a skill that requires experience to develop and improve. The subjective "art" aspect reflects the need for human interpretation and judgment when dealing with these complex data sets, as well as the potential for different researchers to interpret the same data slightly differently based on their individual backgrounds and expertise. However, Kendrew also implies that with practice, this skill can be refined and become more objective and reliable.
"It is important to realize that a three-dimensional model of a protein molecule can be obtained only by X-ray diffraction, not by any other means."
The quote highlights the significance of X-ray diffraction as a critical method in structural biology. John Kendrew suggests that a 3D model of a protein molecule cannot be derived using any other approach apart from X-ray diffraction. This means that other techniques, such as spectroscopy or microscopy, may provide valuable insights into the properties and behaviors of proteins but are not capable of generating detailed three-dimensional models. The quote emphasizes the importance of X-ray diffraction in understanding the intricate structures of protein molecules, which is essential for advancing our knowledge of biological systems and developing targeted therapeutics.
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