John C. Calhoun Quotes

Powerful John C. Calhoun for Daily Growth

About John C. Calhoun

John C. Calhoun (March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was an influential American statesman, politician, and political theorist who served as the seventh Vice President of the United States under Presidents John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. Born in Abbeville District (now Abbeville County), South Carolina, Calhoun attended Yale College before returning to South Carolina to study law. Calhoun's political career began in 1802 when he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. He served in various roles throughout his life, including Senator, Secretary of War, and Secretary of State. One of Calhoun's most significant contributions to American politics is his development of the doctrine of nullification, which argued that a state had the right to nullify federal laws considered unconstitutional. Calhoun's views on states' rights, slavery, and economic protectionism were complex and controversial. He was a strong advocate for states' rights but believed in the supremacy of the Union when it came to protecting national security and commerce. Calhoun owned slaves and defended slavery as a necessary evil, although he also supported gradual emancipation and colonization of freed slaves back to Africa. Calhoun's major works include "Disquisition on Government" (1851), published posthumously, which outlined his political philosophy, and numerous speeches and letters throughout his career that have continued to influence political thought in the United States. Calhoun's complicated legacy is a reflection of the deep divisions within American society during his time, and his ideas continue to be debated and analyzed by scholars and politicians today.

Interpretations of Popular Quotes

"The institution (slavery) will in its own nature be perpetual."

This quote by John C. Calhoun reflects his belief that slavery, as an established social and economic system, would naturally persist indefinitely unless disrupted or abolished through external means. It suggests a mindset that views the continuation of slavery not merely as a desire, but as an inherent, self-sustaining institution within the society at the time. This viewpoint is problematic because it fails to acknowledge the capacity for change and the necessity of empathy and action towards those who are oppressed.


"I hold that in the present state of civilization, where two races of different origin, and distinguished by color, and other physical differences, as well as intellectual, are brought together, the relation now existing in the slave-holding states between the two races, is, instead of an evil, a good - a positive good."

John C. Calhoun's quote suggests that he believed the institution of slavery, as it existed in the U.S. during his time, was beneficial for both white and Black people. He considered this multi-racial society to be an improvement, arguing that the slave system was a positive good rather than an evil. This stance is rooted in the idea that Black and white people were inherently different and unequal, justifying their segregation and subjugation under slavery. However, it's important to recognize that this perspective reflects the deeply flawed racist ideologies of his era and not a universally accepted truth today.


"Ideas have consequences. I am convinced that on the truth or error of ideas depends the nature and value of society."

The quote highlights the profound influence ideas have on societal structures, values, and progress. Essentially, it suggests that the validity or fallacy of our thoughts shapes the kind of society we inhabit - whether it is prosperous, harmonious, or fraught with conflict. Calhoun underscores that the importance of careful examination and consideration of ideas is crucial in shaping a desirable future for society.


"War is the recourse of those who are without strength to persuade."

The quote by John C. Calhoun suggests that war, or conflict, is a last resort for individuals or nations who lack the ability to convince others through peaceful means. It implies that persuasion and diplomacy should always be attempted before resorting to violence, as war often leads to destruction and loss of life. This interpretation encourages dialogue, understanding, and compromise as more effective tools in resolving disputes.


"In considering any question affecting our relations with a foreign nation, it must always be borne in mind that the first and great principle which should regulate our policy toward all nations, is not what we wish to see them do, but what they are able to do."

This quote by John C. Calhoun emphasizes the importance of practicality over idealism when dealing with foreign relations. The essence lies in recognizing a nation's capabilities rather than focusing on one's own desires or aspirations. It suggests that successful diplomacy requires understanding the power dynamics and strengths of other nations, and basing policy decisions on this realism, rather than on what one wishes those nations to do.


I hold that there is a mysterious connection between the fate of this country and that of Mexico; so much so that her independence and capability of sustaining herself are almost as essential to our prosperity and the maintenance of our institutions as they are to hers.

- John C. Calhoun

Fate, Country, Sustaining, Institutions

There was no measure that required greater caution or more severe scrutiny than one to impose taxes or raise a loan, be the form what it may. I hold that government has no right to do either, except when the public service makes it imperiously necessary, and then only to the extent that it requires.

- John C. Calhoun

Loan, Taxes, Extent, Impose

By nature, every individual has the right to govern himself; and governments, whether founded on majorities or minorities, must derive their right from the assent, expressed or implied, of the governed,, and be subject to such limitations as they may impose.

- John C. Calhoun

Individual, May, Implied, Impose

The Union next to our liberties the most dear. May we all remember that it can only be preserved by respecting the rights of the States, and distributing equally the benefits and burdens of the Union.

- John C. Calhoun

Next, Benefits, May, Respecting

Our government is deeply disordered; its credit is impaired; its debt increasing; its expenditures extravagant and wasteful; its disbursements without efficient accountability; and its taxes (for duties are but taxes) enormous, unequal, and oppressive to the great producing classes of the country.

- John C. Calhoun

Country, Taxes, Classes, Efficient

The strong should always permit the weak and aggrieved to talk, to bluster, and scold without taking offence; and if we had so acted, and exercised proper skill in the management of our affairs, Mexico and ourselves would, by this time, have quietly and peaceably settled all difficulties and been good friends.

- John C. Calhoun

Strong, Been, Proper, Mexico

So long as the Oregon question is left open, Mexico will calculate the chances of a rupture between us and Great Britain, in the event of which she would be prepared to make common cause against us. But when an end is put to any such hope, she will speedily settle her difference with us.

- John C. Calhoun

Against, Prepared, Britain, Mexico

I know that there is a great diversity of opinion as to who, in fact, pays the duties on imports. I do not intend to discuss that point. We of the staple and exporting States have long settled the question for ourselves, almost unanimously, from sad experience.

- John C. Calhoun

Fact, Staple, Almost, Exporting

It is a fundamental rule with me not to vote for a loan or tax bill till I am satisfied it is necessary for the public service, and then not if the deficiency can be avoided by lopping off unnecessary objects of expenditure or the enforcement of an exact and judicious economy in the public disbursements.

- John C. Calhoun

Loan, Expenditure, Till, Judicious

Without thinking or reflecting, we plunge into war, contract heavy debts, increase vastly the patronage of the Executive, and indulge in every species of extravagance, without thinking that we expose our liberty to hazard. It is a great and fatal mistake.

- John C. Calhoun

War, Mistake, Contract, Extravagance

Fanatics, as a class, have far more zeal than intellect and are fanatics only because they have. There can be no fanaticism but where there is more passion than reason; and hence, in the nature of things, movements originating in it run down in a short time by their folly and extravagance.

- John C. Calhoun

Reason, Folly, Movements, Extravagance

England has not wholly escaped the curse which must ever befall a free government which holds extensive provinces in subjection; for, although she has not lost her liberty or fallen into anarchy, yet we behold the population of England crushed to the earth by the superincumbent weight of debt and taxation, which may one day terminate in revolution.

- John C. Calhoun

Revolution, One Day, Wholly, Befall

I am utterly opposed to all equivocation or obscure expressions in our public acts. We are bound to say plainly what we mean to say. If we mean negotiation and compromise, let us say it distinctly and plainly instead of sending to the President a resolution on which he may put whatever interpretation he pleases.

- John C. Calhoun

Pleases, Acts, Our, Compromise

He is blind indeed who does not see, in the signs of the times, a strong tendency to plunge the Union as deep in debt as are many of the States, and to subjugate the whole to the paper system.

- John C. Calhoun

Strong, Deep, Blind, Plunge

A revolution in itself is not a blessing. The revolution accomplished by the French people is, indeed, a wonderful event - the most striking, in my opinion, in history; but it may lead to events which will make it a mighty evil.

- John C. Calhoun

Will, May, Which, Striking

It has been lately urged in a very respectable quarter that it is the mission of this country to spread civil and religious liberty all over the globe, and especially over this continent - even by force, if necessary. It is a sad delusion.

- John C. Calhoun

Country, Very, Continent, Urged

In its exterior relations - abroad - this government is the sole and exclusive representative of the united majesty, sovereignty, and power of the States, constituting this great and glorious Union. To the rest of the world, we are one. Neither State nor State government is known beyond our borders. Within, it is different.

- John C. Calhoun

United, Borders, Exterior, Sovereignty

Measures of policy are necessarily controlled by circumstances; and, consequently, what may be wise and expedient under certain circumstances might be eminently unwise and impolitic under different circumstances. To persist in acting in the same way under circumstances essentially different would be folly and obstinacy, and not consistency.

- John C. Calhoun

Folly, Consequently, Unwise

It is but too common, of late, to condemn the acts of our predecessors and to pronounce them unjust, unwise, or unpatriotic from not adverting to the circumstances under which they acted. Thus, to judge is to do great injustice to the wise and patriotic men who preceded us.

- John C. Calhoun

Predecessors, Patriotic, Unwise

If not met promptly and decidedly, the two portions of the Union will gradually become thoroughly alienated, when no alternative will be left to us, as the weaker of the two, but to sever all political ties or sink down into abject submission.

- John C. Calhoun

Political, Down, Two, Weaker

A power has risen up in the government greater than the people themselves, consisting of many and various and powerful interests, combined into one mass, and held together by the cohesive power of the vast surplus in the banks.

- John C. Calhoun

Surplus, Held, Banks, Risen

When the period arrives - come when it may - that this government will be compelled to resort to internal taxes for its support in time of peace, it will mark one of the most difficult and dangerous stages through which it is destined to pass.

- John C. Calhoun

Through, Dangerous, Internal, Stages

Remember, it is a deep principle of our nature not to regard the safety of those who do not regard their own. If you are indifferent to your own safety, you must not be surprised if those less interested should become more so.

- John C. Calhoun

Nature, Deep, Principle, Surprised

The framers of our constitution had the sagacity to vest in Congress all implied powers: that is, powers necessary and proper to carry into effect all the delegated powers wherever vested.

- John C. Calhoun

Constitution, Framers, Vested

I am not one of those who believe that we are bound to vote supplies to cover a deficiency in the treasury whenever called on, without investigating the causes which occasioned it.

- John C. Calhoun

Bound, Which, Investigating, Deficiency

Be assured that, as certain as Congress transcends its assigned limits and usurps powers never conferred, or stretches those conferred beyond the proper limits, so surely will the fruits of its usurpation pass into the hands of the Executive. In seeking to become master, it but makes a master in the person of the President.

- John C. Calhoun

Hands, Congress, Surely, Conferred

I hold it to be the most monstrous proposition ever uttered within the Senate that conquering a country like Mexico, the President can constitute himself a despotic ruler without the slightest limitation on his power. If all this be true, war is indeed dangerous!

- John C. Calhoun

Country, Monstrous, Uttered

How can this full, perfect, just and supreme voice of the people, embodied in the Constitution, be brought to bear, habitually and steadily, in counteracting the fatal tendency of the government to the absolute and despotic control of the numerical majority?

- John C. Calhoun

Voice, Constitution, Brought, Steadily

The day that the balance between the two sections of the country - the slaveholding States and the non-slaveholding States - is destroyed is a day that will not be far removed from political revolution, anarchy, civil war, and widespread disaster.

- John C. Calhoun

Country, Will, Civil War, Widespread

I am impressed with the belief that our naval force ought not to cost more in proportion than the British. In some things they may have the advantage, but we will be found to have equally great in others.

- John C. Calhoun

Some, Cost, Proportion, Naval

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