Elihu Root Quotes

Powerful Elihu Root for Daily Growth

About Elihu Root

Elihu Root (1845-1937) was an eminent American lawyer, statesman, and diplomat who played a significant role in U.S. politics during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born on February 15, 1845, in Clinton, New York, Root showed promise from an early age, graduating from Union College at just 17 years old. Root's legal career began in 1866 when he was admitted to the bar and opened a practice in his hometown. His legal acumen quickly earned him recognition, leading to appointments as district attorney of Oneida County (1873-1875) and then as U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of New York (1879-1880). Root's political career took off when he was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate in 1881, serving until 1899. During his tenure, he played a key role in shaping foreign policy and military affairs, notably advocating for the annexation of Hawaii and the Philippines. In 1899, President William McKinley appointed Root as Secretary of War, where he oversaw the expansion of the U.S. Army and its involvement in the Spanish-American War. His successful management of these conflicts earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for his work on arbitration and disarmament treaties. Root left the Cabinet in 1904 to return to private law practice but was recalled by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1906 to serve as Secretary of State, a position he held until 1909. In this role, Root played a crucial part in the negotiations that led to the end of the Russo-Japanese War and the creation of the Panama Canal. Root's major works include numerous legal opinions and articles, as well as his autobiography, "Fifty Years in Law and Politics," published in 1938, a year after his death on July 7, 1937. Throughout his career, Root was known for his integrity, diplomacy, and commitment to the rule of law.

Interpretations of Popular Quotes

"Patriotism means to stand by the country. It does not mean to stand by the President or any other public official, save exactly to the degree in which he himself faithfully stands by the country."

Elihu Root's quote emphasizes the idea that true patriotism is not blind loyalty to political leaders but rather a commitment to one's country and its principles. He suggests that being a patriot involves supporting one's nation only as much as its leaders demonstrate their own allegiance to the nation's values and well-being. In essence, Root encourages citizens to maintain an independent and critical view of their leaders in order to uphold the integrity of the country they love.


"The first duty of a nation is to take care of its own citizens."

This quote by Elihu Root emphasizes that a nation's primary responsibility lies in ensuring the well-being and protection of its own people. It underscores the idea that a government must prioritize domestic issues, such as education, healthcare, infrastructure, and security, to maintain a strong, stable, and prosperous society. This principle is fundamental in shaping public policy and international relations, as it highlights the need for a balanced approach between national self-interest and global cooperation.


"In times of peace, men are accustomed to regard war as something extraordinary and horrible; but in reality, it is far more the rule than the exception in human history."

This quote by Elihu Root highlights the historical normality of warfare throughout human civilization. He suggests that despite our modern perception of peace as a natural state, war has been a common occurrence across different eras. In essence, Root's observation underscores the recurring nature of conflict in human history and encourages us to consider it not as an anomaly but as an integral part of societal development.


"A constitution is not a mere matter of legislation, but is an expression of the whole moral nature of a people... The spirit of a nation is the real and lawful source of constitutional power."

Elihu Root's quote suggests that a constitution is more than just a set of laws; it reflects the fundamental values, ethics, and character of a society. According to Root, the true source of constitutional power lies in the collective moral nature of a people – their shared spirit or culture. In other words, the constitution is an embodiment of a nation's essential identity and should serve as a guiding principle for its governance, reflecting the deepest values and ideals of its citizens.


"The duty of a judge is to interpret the Constitution and laws as they are written, and if he interprets them according to his own ideas of what the laws ought to be, he has ceased to be a judge."

Elihu Root's quote emphasizes the importance of judicial impartiality and adherence to the written law. In essence, it suggests that a judge's role is to uphold the Constitution and laws as they are written, rather than to impose personal opinions or preferences upon them. A fair and unbiased interpretation of the law is crucial for maintaining the rule of law and ensuring justice is served equitably.


There is so much of good in human nature that men grow to like each other upon better acquaintance, and this points to another way in which we may strive to promote the peace of the world.

- Elihu Root

Good, Other, Another, Another Way

It is not uncommon in modern times to see governments straining every nerve to keep the peace, and the people whom they represent, with patriotic enthusiasm and resentment over real or fancied wrongs, urging them forward to war.

- Elihu Root

Patriotic, Modern Times, Urging

Claims of right and insistence upon obligations may depend upon treaty stipulations, or upon the rules of international law, or upon the sense of natural justice applied to the circumstances of a particular case, or upon disputed facts.

- Elihu Root

Law, Circumstances, May, Disputed

The growth of modern constitutional government compels for its successful practice the exercise of reason and considerate judgment by the individual citizens who constitute the electorate.

- Elihu Root

Practice, Reason, Individual, Compels

No nation now sets forth to despoil another upon the avowed ground that it desires the spoils.

- Elihu Root

Nation, Sets, Avowed, Spoils

The popular tendency is to listen approvingly to the most extreme statements and claims of politicians and orators who seek popularity by declaring their own country right in everything and other countries wrong in everything.

- Elihu Root

Country, Other, Tendency, Claims

To deal with the true causes of war one must begin by recognizing as of prime relevancy to the solution of the problem the familiar fact that civilization is a partial, incomplete, and, to a great extent, superficial modification of barbarism.

- Elihu Root

Deal, Prime, Extent, Incomplete

The attractive idea that we can now have a parliament of man with authority to control the conduct of nations by legislation or an international police force with power to enforce national conformity to rules of right conduct is a counsel of perfection.

- Elihu Root

Attractive, Idea, Counsel, Police Force

The point of departure of the process to which we wish to contribute is the fact that war is the natural reaction of human nature in the savage state, while peace is the result of acquired characteristics.

- Elihu Root

Process, Fact, Which, Departure

Nothing is more important in the preservation of peace than to secure among the great mass of the people living under constitutional government a just conception of the rights which their nation has against others and of the duties their nation owes to others.

- Elihu Root

Nation, Against, Mass, Conception

Human nature must have come much nearer perfection than it is now, or will be in many generations, to exclude from such a control prejudice, selfishness, ambition, and injustice.

- Elihu Root

Nature, Injustice, Will, Perfection

The mere assemblage of peace loving people to interchange convincing reasons for their common faith, mere exhortation and argument to the public in favor of peace in general fall short of the mark.

- Elihu Root

Faith, Argument, Reasons, Assemblage

It is to be observed that every case of war averted is a gain in general, for it helps to form a habit of peace, and community habits long continued become standards of conduct.

- Elihu Root

Community, War, Habits, Observed

Nobody knows through how many thousands of years fighting men have made a place for themselves while the weak and peaceable have gone to the wall.

- Elihu Root

Fighting, Through, Made, Thousands Of Years

Cruelty to men and to the lower animals as well, which would have passed unnoticed a century ago, now shocks the sensibilities and is regarded as wicked and degrading.

- Elihu Root

Cruelty, Unnoticed, Which, Shocks

Honest people, mistakenly believing in the justice of their cause, are led to support injustice.

- Elihu Root

Injustice, Mistakenly, Honest People

The limitation upon this mode of promoting peace lies in the fact that it consists in an appeal to the civilized side of man, while war is the product of forces proceeding from man's original savage nature.

- Elihu Root

Limitation, Side, Promoting, Savage

Secretary of War Stanton used to get out of patience with Lincoln because he was all the time pardoning men who ought to be shot.

- Elihu Root

War, Out, Used, Ought

The methods of peace propaganda which aim at establishing peace doctrine by argument and by creating a feeling favorable to peace in general seem to fall short of reaching the springs of human action and of dealing with the causes of the conduct which they seek to modify.

- Elihu Root

Aim, Argument, Which, Modify

Human life is held in much higher esteem, and the taking of it, whether in private quarrel or by judicial procedure, is looked upon much more seriously than it was formerly.

- Elihu Root

Private, Esteem, Held, Procedure

Prejudice and passion and suspicion are more dangerous than the incitement of self-interest or the most stubborn adherence to real differences of opinion regarding rights.

- Elihu Root

Stubborn, More, Adherence, Self-Interest

The wolf always charges the lamb with muddying the stream.

- Elihu Root

Wolf, Always, Charges, Lamb

The line of least resistance in the progress of civilization is to make that theoretical postulate real by the continually increasing force of the world's public opinion.

- Elihu Root

Civilization, Theoretical, Increasing

In the first place, when there is a policy of intentional aggression, inspired by a desire to get possession of the territory or the trade of another country, right or wrong, a pretext is always sought.

- Elihu Root

Desire, Country, Always, Territory

The theoretical postulate of all diplomatic discussion between nations is the assumed willingness of every nation to do justice.

- Elihu Root

Nation, Theoretical, Willingness

Gradually, everything that happens in the world is coming to be of interest everywhere in the world, and, gradually, thoughtful men and women everywhere are sitting in judgment upon the conduct of all nations.

- Elihu Root

Thoughtful, Nations, Conduct

The law of the survival of the fittest led inevitably to the survival and predominance of the men who were effective in war and who loved it because they were effective.

- Elihu Root

Law, Survival, Fittest, Inevitably

War was forced upon mankind in his original civil and social condition.

- Elihu Root

Mankind, Condition, His, Civil

Men do not fail; they give up trying.

- Elihu Root

Men, Trying, Give, Fail

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