Alice Dreger Quotes

Powerful Alice Dreger for Daily Growth

About Alice Dreger

Alice Dreger (born October 6, 1963) is an American historian, medical ethicist, and intersex activist whose work focuses on the cultural construction of sex and gender. Born in Illinois, she earned her Ph.D. in medical humanities from Northwestern University in 2000. Her interdisciplinary background combines expertise in history, medicine, and law, making her a unique voice in discussions surrounding human sexuality and identity. Dreger's life and career have been significantly influenced by her encounters with various marginalized communities, particularly the intersex community. This led her to become a strong advocate for intersex rights, challenging medical practices that she believes pathologize intersex traits and subject intersex individuals to unnecessary surgeries. Her influential works include "Hermaphrodites and the God of Sex: A History" (2000), which explores the historical construction of sex and gender, and "Galileo's Middle Finger: Heretics, Activists, and the Search for Justice in Science" (2015), a memoir that discusses her experiences as an activist and scholar. One of Dreger's most notable contributions is her role in exposing the case of "John/Jane," a conjoined twin pair who underwent controversial separation surgery at Lurie Children's Hospital of Northwestern University in 2004. This incident sparked public debate on the ethics of medical intervention and the rights of disabled infants. Alice Dreger continues to push boundaries, challenging societal norms and advocating for the rights of intersex individuals, while also engaging in rigorous academic research and teaching at various universities. Her work serves as a powerful reminder of the need for understanding, compassion, and respect towards those who fall outside traditional gender and sexuality norms.

Interpretations of Popular Quotes

"Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter and those who matter don't mind."

This quote by Alice Dreger encourages authenticity and self-expression. It suggests that one should not hide their true identity or feelings as long as they are respectful, honest, and sincere. The phrase "those who mind don't matter" indicates that those who judge without understanding or tolerance can be disregarded. On the other hand, "those who matter don't mind" suggests that individuals who value authenticity, empathy, and understanding will appreciate and accept the true self of others. In essence, this quote underscores the importance of being oneself and finding acceptance from those who truly care about us.


"The best defense against bad medicine is good science."

This quote emphasizes the importance of evidence-based, scientifically sound practices in healthcare. It suggests that relying on solid scientific research and methodology can protect patients from potentially harmful or ineffective treatments, often referred to as "bad medicine." Good science, in this context, implies a rigorous approach to data collection, analysis, and interpretation, ensuring that medical interventions are backed by robust evidence before being applied to patients. This safeguards both the well-being of individuals and advances the overall progress of the medical field.


"A person's gender identity should not be a subject of speculation or debate by strangers."

This quote emphasizes the importance of respecting an individual's self-identified gender, implying that it is private information and should not be scrutinized or questioned by outsiders. It underscores the basic human right to personal identity and autonomy in one's own gender expression, as well as promoting a culture of empathy, acceptance, and non-judgment towards transgender and non-binary individuals.


"Everybody wants to know what's going on inside everybody else, and that's one of the things we can't know."

This quote by Alice Dreger highlights the inherent mystery and complexity of human beings. It suggests that despite our constant curiosity and desire to understand others, there are always aspects of each individual that remain private, unknown, and inaccessible to us. Understanding this can foster empathy, as we recognize and respect the unique experiences, thoughts, and feelings that shape each person's identity.


"Science is about understanding the world, not just about proving ourselves right."

This quote emphasizes the core principle that science is a pursuit for knowledge and understanding of the universe, rather than simply validating preconceived ideas or biases. It underscores the importance of objectivity in scientific research, as scientists should strive to uncover truths about the world, regardless of whether those findings align with their personal beliefs or expectations. In essence, science is a quest for understanding that transcends personal validation and encourages curiosity, exploration, and the pursuit of knowledge.


As a kid, I did some running but especially loved biking and swimming. I grew up on Long Island, and our mom took us all the time to the ocean, so I grew up doing open-water swimming in the Atlantic.

- Alice Dreger

Doing, Some, Long Island, Biking

Conjoined twins simply may not need sex-romance partners as much as the rest of us do. Throughout time and space, they have described their condition as something like being attached to a soul mate.

- Alice Dreger

Rest, Soul Mate, May, Attached

The funny thing is, when I ask people with dark skin if they would change their color, they tell me no, and when I ask women if they would rather be men, they tell me no, and I get the same response when I ask people with unusual anatomies if they would take a magic pill to erase their unusual features.

- Alice Dreger

Color, Magic, Rather, Erase

My mother has told so many times the unbelievable story of how, as a toddler, I would demand raw onions and eat them like apples, I think that, at this juncture, it is a story that just has to be believed.

- Alice Dreger

Mother, How, I Think, Onions

Doctors are human animals. They want to be loved, they are tribal, they instinctually favor stories over scientific evidence, they make mistakes, and even small gifts make them susceptible to being biased. If we took doctors seriously as human animals, we might hurt them - and they might hurt us - a lot less.

- Alice Dreger

Small, Evidence, Scientific, Hurt

I actually completely suck at being a bioethicist. What I do is history of medicine and patient advocacy. Patient advocacy is actually the opposite of bioethics, because bioethicists are the people who increasingly set up and justify the systems we patient advocates have to fight.

- Alice Dreger

Medicine, Set, Increasingly, Advocacy

Ironically, when I've asked my straight friends to join me in hanging a rainbow flag, they answer, 'But someone might think we're gay,' not realizing that is exactly the point. To be mistaken for the oppressed is to momentarily become the oppressed.

- Alice Dreger

Flag, Point, Mistaken, Realizing

If we have a situation where a man is particularly graceful in a sport that rewards grace - say, for example, figure skating - why is it that we don't say to the man, 'Well, you're too feminine to compete?'... I don't understand why we don't find it offensive also to say to a women who's very strong, 'You're too masculine to compete.'

- Alice Dreger

Strong, Compete, Very, Graceful

Purposefully exposing young people to increased risks of major brain problems - even death - for sport is surely even more ethically complicated than sending young people into this same neurological danger zone as soldiers.

- Alice Dreger

Death, Surely, Increased, Ethically

The safety argument against steroids may be a good one, but let's be honest. It isn't the one that motivates most officials and fans to frown on steroids. Steroid use does not just seem risky or unnatural, it seems to disrupt the level playing field.

- Alice Dreger

Argument, Against, Use, Level Playing Field

Want to be a well-paid bioethicist, with one, two, or even three university appointments? Just get yourself a two-piece navy polyester suit and follow these three simple rules: (1) Never name names. (2) Screw principles; just follow procedures. (3) Bury the money.

- Alice Dreger

Simple, Navy, University, Polyester

Doctors and scientists, being part of that two-sex culture, have done everything they can to try to force people who are in-between into one of the two clear types. Intersex people themselves have also generally wanted to fit into one of the two clear categories; most are not interested in being in a 'third' type.

- Alice Dreger

Two, Part, Type, Categories

We say, 'You may drink at the age of 21 but not at the age of 20.' Why? Because humans like to create terribly neat categories out of nature because it allows us a nice, tight social organization. The truth is, nature doesn't care that we like nice, neat social organizations. Nature likes variety.

- Alice Dreger

Why, Terribly, Tight, Categories

I think it is fine to have sports divided into men's and women's, just as it is fine to say a fifteen-year-old is incapable of consenting to sex. But we should recognize these are social distinctions based on biology, and not categories foisted upon us by nature.

- Alice Dreger

Divided, I Think, Fine, Categories

I don't have the panic I used to have, meeting people who are androgynous, but when you meet someone whose identity is unclear, that throws your own identity into flux because the way we treat each other is very gendered.

- Alice Dreger

Treat, Other, Very, Unclear

I could make a martyrly claim to having been the victim of childhood enslavement when I report that I started regularly cooking with my mother at a hot stove when I was five. But the truth is I wanted to cook. Cooking meant being near food.

- Alice Dreger

Hot, Been, Regularly, Enslavement

When I talk about intersex, people ask me, 'But what about the locker room?' Yes, what about the locker room? If so many people feel trepidation around it, why don't we fix the locker room? There are ways to signal to children that they are not the problem, and normalization technologies are not the way.

- Alice Dreger

Feel, About, Trepidation, Locker Room

When I ask my medical students to describe their image of a woman who elects to birth with a midwife rather than with an obstetrician, they generally describe a woman who wears long cotton skirts, braids her hair, eats only organic vegan food, does yoga, and maybe drives a VW microbus.

- Alice Dreger

Woman, Medical, Rather, Midwife

I do work half time as a historian of medicine at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, and I started my career with work in the 19th century.

- Alice Dreger

Work, Career, Half, Northwestern

Ok, here goes: I'm going to see how many people I can offend by suggesting that maybe many little gay boys, like many little girls, are made up of sugar and spice and everything nice.

- Alice Dreger

Spice, Here, Maybe, OK

According to my mother, there pretty much wasn't anything I wouldn't eat as a child. Not just try, but eat. I was even inclined to dig into stuff about which she expressed open disgust - lobster and other shellfish, and cheap Chinese food with pepper so hot it made your gums feel like a medieval dentist had been at them.

- Alice Dreger

Other, Been, Pepper, Lobster

A hospital may spend several million dollars separating a pair of conjoined twins even though that separation is likely to leave them worse off.

- Alice Dreger

May, Likely, Though, Million Dollars

What we should care about is health - reduction of morbidity and mortality. Too often, we instead pay attention to whether something is 'normal.' A hospital may spend several million dollars separating a pair of conjoined twins, even though that separation is likely to leave them worse off.

- Alice Dreger

About, Dollars, Several, Million Dollars

Using medicine in the service of cosmesis is generally bad for patients, bad for doctors, and bad for democracy. The only exceptions are when we know the intervention will actually reduce suffering, as with a primary cleft lip repair.

- Alice Dreger

Repair, Reduce, Using, Primary

I don't know what has caused this reawakening in academia. Obama? The GOP's assaults on science and on patients? Jon Stewart? I'm not at all sure. I just know I don't feel nearly as alone in academia as I used to. I'm feeling increasingly surrounded by fellow Ph.D.'s and by M.D.'s who seem to be taking a lot of things personally.

- Alice Dreger

Surrounded, Increasingly, Academia

When all is said and done, science actually takes hard work and a willingness to sometimes find out that your most cherished hypothesis is wrong.

- Alice Dreger

Work, Sometimes, Cherished, Hypothesis

You know what Oprah taught me? Unless you count as changing your life having a neighborhood dad say to you every morning at the school bus stop, 'You sure don't look as good as you did on 'Oprah!', being on 'Oprah' doesn't change your life.

- Alice Dreger

Bus, Dad, Oprah, Neighborhood

Being a parent of a boy who wants to wear sparkles and grow his hair long - especially when you don't know where it's all going to go - it's hard stuff. I'm not being politically incorrect in acknowledging that, am I?

- Alice Dreger

Parent, Wear, Politically, Acknowledging

So many times I've heard people say that the right to marry for gay and lesbian couples won't really change anything other than some legal and financial stuff. It's a dumb argument: those legal and financial effects matter.

- Alice Dreger

Argument, Some, Other, Lesbian

Instead of constantly enhancing the norm - forever upping the ante of the 'normal' with new technologies - we should work on enhancing the concept of normal by broadening appreciation of anatomical variation.

- Alice Dreger

New, Normal, Enhancing, Norm

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